Budgeting and Saving
The learner plans a personal budget, tracks income and spending, sets saving goals and decides between spending now and saving for later.
Grade 8 Social Studies
Grade 8 Social Studies encompasses U.S. history through Reconstruction, Constitutional principles, civic participation, and historical interpretation.
Grade 8 Social Studies topics
Colonial America
The learner explains how Native nations, European empires and African captives shaped colonial North America, compares the economies, societies and governments of the New England, Middle and Southern colonies, and…
Constitutional Convention
The learner explains the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation, analyses the debates and compromises of the Constitutional Convention, and compares Federalist and Anti-Federalist arguments in the ratification…
Markets and Prices
The learner explains how buyers and sellers meet in markets, why prices rise and fall with demand and supply, and how competition affects consumers.
American Civil War
The learner explains how conflict over slavery and its expansion divided the United States, why the Southern states seceded, and how the Union won a war that became a war to end slavery.
American Revolution
The learner explains how the Seven Years' War led to an imperial crisis, how colonial resistance became a war for independence, what the Declaration of Independence claimed, and how and at what cost the United States…
Atlantic Slave Trade and Abolition
The learner explains how the transatlantic slave trade worked, the lives and resistance of enslaved people in the Americas, and how abolition movements ended the trade and slavery.
Westward Expansion and Manifest Destiny
The learner explains how the idea of Manifest Destiny, settlers and wars pushed the United States to the Pacific, and evaluates the consequences for Native nations, Mexico and the balance between free and slave states.
What Government Spends Money On
The learner explains why governments provide some goods and services, how they raise money through taxes, and how a public budget is decided.
Work, Jobs and Income
The learner describes economic sectors and jobs, explains why wages differ, and reads the difference between gross and net income in outline.
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