Algebraic Expressions
Learners use letters for unknowns and variables, write and evaluate expressions and formulas and combine like terms.
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Learners use letters for unknowns and variables, write and evaluate expressions and formulas and combine like terms.
Learners name the parts of a circle and calculate circumference and area with pi, including semicircles and composite shapes.
Learners add, subtract, multiply and divide positive and negative numbers, including fractions and decimals, and use them in context.
Learners solve linear equations with parentheses, fractions and variables on both sides and set up equations to solve problems.
Learners find and interpret the slope and intercept of straight-line graphs, write equations in slope-intercept form and model linear situations.
The child evaluates calculations with several operations and parentheses in the conventional order and writes numerical expressions for word problems.
Learners calculate probabilities of single events as fractions, decimals and percentages, use complementary events and compare theoretical with experimental probability.
Learners read and draw scale drawings and maps, enlarge shapes by a scale factor from a center and use bearings to describe directions.
Learners simplify expressions, expand single parentheses and factor out a common factor.
Learners distinguish rational and irrational numbers, estimate square roots and place real numbers on a number line.
Learners use the Pythagorean theorem and its converse to find lengths and test for right angles in 2D problems and simple 3D shapes.
The learner analyses how plots unfold, how characters change, how setting shapes events, how themes develop and how a narrator's point of view affects the reader.
The learner writes an argument with a clear claim, reasons and relevant evidence from credible sources, acknowledges and rebuts opposing claims and keeps a formal style.
The learner draws inferences from fiction and non-fiction, chooses the strongest evidence, embeds quotations and explains how they support a point.
The learner works out words from Greek and Latin roots and affixes, analyses connotation, analogies and allusions, and recognises verbal irony and puns.
The learner writes a multi-paragraph informative essay with a clear focus, grouped information, facts, definitions, quotations, precise words and a conclusion.
The learner uses Dalton's atomic model to tell elements, compounds and mixtures apart, reads and writes simple symbols and formulae, and names simple compounds.
The learner uses a light microscope to observe and draw plant and animal cells, names the main cell structures and their jobs, and explains how cells form tissues, organs and organ systems.
The learner builds food webs, explains interdependence including pollination, describes how toxins accumulate along food chains, and samples a local habitat.
The learner explains that plants make glucose by photosynthesis, writes the word equation, links leaf structure to its job, and explains why plants need minerals and why photosynthesis matters for food chains and the…
The learner plans a personal budget, tracks income and spending, sets saving goals and decides between spending now and saving for later.
The learner explains how people become US citizens by birth or naturalization, the difference between the obligations of citizens (obeying laws, paying taxes, jury duty, Selective Service registration) and their…
The learner traces the ideas behind American government, from Athenian democracy and the Roman republic, Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights to colonial self-government and the writings of Locke, Montesquieu and…
The learner describes the Maya, Aztec and Inca states and the diversity of other Indigenous peoples of the Americas, including those of present-day Brazil, and their achievements.
The learner explains the Preamble, the seven articles and the principles of the Constitution (popular sovereignty, limited government, rule of law, separation of powers, checks and balances, federalism, republicanism),…
The learner explains the goals of US foreign policy, who makes it, the tools the US uses (diplomacy, treaties, aid, trade and sanctions, alliances and military force) and how the US works in international organizations.
The learner explains why governments provide some goods and services, how they raise money through taxes, and how a public budget is decided.
The learner explains the functions and forms of money, how banks keep and move it, and compares cash, cards, transfers and mobile payments.
The learner applies hygiene, sun safety, vaccination and screening to prevent illness, and knows how to use the local healthcare system.
The learner expresses algorithms as flowcharts and structured pseudocode with sequence, selection and iteration, and traces them by hand.
The learner writes, runs and fixes short text programs that use output, input, variables and arithmetic, and moves from blocks to text.
The learner explains how data travels across networks in packets, what routers, servers and IP addresses do, and the difference between the internet and the web.
The learner recognises phishing, malware and weak passwords, uses multi-factor authentication and backups, and explains why updates matter.
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