Using Devices, Keyboards and Files

Learn to use computers and tablets with confidence. Control a mouse, a trackpad and a touch screen, get to know the keyboard, and learn to touch type with all ten fingers. Then write and edit a document with a picture, save it with a clear name in the right folder, find it again, and print or share it with the right people.

Grade 4Lesson 6 of 10 in Computing and Coding for Ages 7 to 11 Course

What you will learn

  1. Learn to switch on a device, log in with your own password, and control it with a mouse, a trackpad or your fingers on a touch screen.
    • Switch on, log in and shut down
      Start a device, log in safely, open apps and windows, and log out and shut down the right way.
    • Point, click and drag with a mouse or trackpad
      Move the pointer, then click, double-click, right-click, drag and scroll with a mouse or a trackpad.
    • Tap, swipe and pinch on a touch screen
      Use touch gestures on a tablet or touch screen, and know which mouse action each one matches.
  2. Get to know the keys you use most, and type sentences with capital letters, numbers and punctuation in the right places.
    • Know what the main keys do
      Find the letter, number and special keys, and know what Space, Enter, Backspace, Shift, Caps Lock, Tab, the arrows and the shortcut keys do.
    • Type capitals, numbers and punctuation
      Type correct sentences and short messages, with capital letters, numbers, punctuation marks and spaces in the right places.
  3. Type with all ten fingers without looking at the keys: sit well, start from the home row, give every finger its own keys, and grow your accuracy and then your speed.
    • Sit well and find the home row
      Sit in a comfortable, healthy position and place your fingers on the home row keys, using the bumps on F and J.
    • Give every finger its own keys
      Learn which keys each finger types, reach from the home row and back, and use Shift and the space bar with the right fingers.
    • Type accurately, then faster
      Practice with your eyes on the screen and a steady rhythm, and measure your accuracy and your speed in words per minute.
  4. Place the cursor, select and change text, move words with cut, copy and paste, and make a simple document with a title, paragraphs and a picture.
    • Move the cursor, select and change text
      Put the cursor where you want to type, select words to change them, undo mistakes and make text bold or bigger.
    • Cut, copy and paste
      Copy text to use it again and cut it to move it, then paste it where you want it, using menus or keyboard shortcuts.
    • Make a document with a picture
      Create a simple document with a title, paragraphs and a picture you are allowed to use, then check it before you share it.
  5. Save your work so it is safe, give files names that make sense, sort them into folders, and find them again quickly.
    • Save your work
      Save your work often, know the difference between Save and Save As, and know where your files are kept.
    • Give files clear names
      Choose file names that tell you what is inside, follow a pattern, keep dates and numbers in order, and avoid characters that aren't allowed.
    • Sort your files into folders
      Make folders and folders inside folders, move and copy files into them, delete safely, and use shared class folders with care.
    • Find your files again
      Open files from folders, recent lists and search, sort lists to spot files, and know where to look when a file seems lost.
  6. Print the pages you need with the right settings, and share your work online with the right people, choosing what they are allowed to do and working kindly with others.
    • Print your work
      Open the print screen, check the preview, and choose the printer, the number of copies and the pages before you print once.
    • Share your work online
      Share or hand in work online, choose who can view, comment or edit, and follow the class rules for kind, respectful sharing.

Keyboard and Computer Basics study guide

6 chapters

1

Start and control your device

A computer or tablet responds to the actions you choose. You can open a writing app, move a picture, or look farther down a page. Learn how to start and finish a session, then try the small hand movements that control the screen. A mouse, a trackpad, and a touch screen give you different ways to do similar jobs.

1.1 From the power button to signing out

A device is a machine such as a laptop or tablet. You can use it to write, draw, and learn. Press the power button once, then wait for it to start.

Your own account

Many school devices ask you to log in, or sign in. Your username says who you are. Your password is the secret code for your account. Type each in its own box. Passwords often appear as dots, so watch your fingers carefully.

Capital letters matter in a password. “Sun7” and “sun7” are different. If yours does not work, check Caps Lock and try again slowly. Keep your password private. Only trusted adults who look after your account should know it. Tell your teacher if someone else learns it.

Open and manage an app

The desktop or home screen has small pictures called icons. An icon can stand for an app, file, folder, or command. A house often means Home. A save icon often looks like a small square disk.

An app, also called a program, helps you do a job. A writing app helps you make a story. A drawing app helps you make a picture. Opening an app brings its work onto the screen, often in a window.

Many computer windows have buttons in a top corner:

  • Minimize hides the window but keeps the app open.
  • Maximize makes the window fill the screen.
  • Close, often shown as ✕, closes the window.

Suppose your drawing disappears after you choose Minimize. Click the app's icon in the bar along the screen's edge. Your window comes back. That bar may be called the taskbar, Dock, or shelf.

Finish your session

Save your work before closing the app. On a shared device, choose Log out or Sign out when you finish. Closing a laptop lid usually puts it to sleep. Your account can still be open.

To turn a device off, choose Shut down or Power off in its menu. Holding the power button down can lose unsaved work. Do that only when an adult tells you to, such as when a device has frozen.

Use clean, dry hands and keep drinks away. Close a laptop before carrying it, and use two hands. Carry a tablet in its closed cover if it has one. Tell an adult about damage.

Key Takeaways

  • Your username names your account; your password is secret.
  • Minimize hides a window while the app stays open.
  • Save and log out when you finish on a shared device.
  • Choose Shut down from the menu to switch off.
  • Handle devices with clean, dry hands and two hands when carrying.

1.2 Mouse and trackpad moves

The small arrow on your screen is the pointer. Move a mouse across the desk, or slide one finger on a trackpad, to move it. Point first, then choose the action you need.

Click, open, and see choices

Rest your palm on the mouse. Put your pointer finger on its left button. Your middle finger rests on the right button. Move the whole mouse gently. If you reach the desk's edge, lift the mouse and set it nearer the middle. Lifting it does not move the pointer.

A click is one press and release of the left button. It can select an icon or press an on-screen button. A double-click is two quick clicks without moving the mouse. In many desktop folder windows, this opens a file or folder.

If a file only becomes highlighted, your two clicks may be too slow. Keep the mouse still and try two quicker clicks. On a trackpad, one finger moves the pointer. A tap or press clicks, depending on its settings.

A right-click opens extra choices for the thing under the pointer. Try it on a file to find Rename or Copy. On most trackpads, tap or click with two fingers. On a Mac, Control-click also opens this menu.

Drag something to a new place

Imagine moving a drawing inside an app. Point at the drawing. Hold the left mouse button down, move the mouse, then release at the new spot. You must keep holding while you move.

With a trackpad, press down and keep pressing while sliding your finger. If you release too soon, the item lands early. Use Undo if it moved to the wrong place, then try again.

See more of a page

Scrolling moves your view up or down. Roll the mouse wheel, or slide two fingers on most trackpads. Your writing stays the same; you see a different part of the page.

The pointer's shape can help you. An arrow points at things. A little hand often appears over a link. A tall “I” shape appears over text you can work with. Move over a sentence and watch the shape change. This shape is different from the blinking line that marks where typing will appear.

Key Takeaways

  • A click selects or presses; a double-click often opens a desktop file.
  • Right-click shows choices for the item under the pointer.
  • Drag means hold, move, then release.
  • Scroll changes which part of the page you can see.

1.3 Touch-screen gestures

A touch screen responds to your fingertip. Touch it lightly with a clean, dry finger. Many screens also work with a special pen called a stylus.

Quick touches and held touches

To tap, touch once and lift your finger. This works like a mouse click. A single tap opens an app on a tablet's home screen.

To double-tap, touch twice quickly in the same place. Many apps use this to enlarge a picture or select a word. The result depends on the app, so look at what changed.

A press and hold keeps your finger still on one spot for about a second. This often opens a menu of choices. It does a similar job to a right-click. On a home screen, it may let you move an app icon.

Slide to look or move

A swipe is a quick slide followed by lifting your finger. You might swipe to turn a page or see the next photo. To drag an item, keep touching it while moving slowly. Lift your finger where the item should land.

Suppose you are arranging picture cards in a touch-screen activity. Touch a card, slide it to its box, then lift your finger. A quick swipe across the page would usually change your view instead of placing the card carefully.

Make your view larger or smaller

Put two fingers on a picture. Spread them apart to zoom in. Pinch them together to zoom out. Think “spread for bigger.”

For a map photo, spread over a tiny label to read it. Pinch afterward to see the whole map again. Zooming changes how closely you look. It does not add new details to the picture.

Type on the screen

Tap a box where you can write. An on-screen keyboard appears. Tap its letters to type. The arrow key, Shift, gives a capital letter. A key marked “123” or something similar shows numbers and symbols. Choose “ABC” to bring the letters back.

You can carry these skills between devices. A tap matches a click, and a press and hold often matches a right-click. Swiping can scroll, just as a mouse wheel does. Dragging keeps its hold-move-release pattern on either kind of screen.

Key Takeaways

  • Tap once to open a tablet app.
  • Press and hold often opens extra choices.
  • Swipe to change your view; drag to place an item.
  • Spread to zoom in and pinch to zoom out.
  • The on-screen keyboard appears when you tap a place to type.
2

Choose the keys you need

Keys help you do more than type letters. You can add a space, start a paragraph, fix a typo, or save your work. Learn the keys you use each day, then put them together in short messages. Small details matter: a capital letter, a number, and the space after a comma can change how your writing reads.

2.1 Letters, spaces, and helpful keys

Most English keyboards use the QWERTY layout. Its name comes from the first six letters in the top letter row. The letters are not in ABC order. Above them sits a row of numbers, from 1 through 9 and then 0.

Put words and lines in place

Press the long space bar once between words. The cursor is the blinking line showing where the next character goes. A character can be a letter, number, mark, or space.

Enter, called Return on a Mac, starts a new paragraph or a line you choose to end. It can also confirm a choice, like OK. Do not press it whenever you reach the screen's edge. A writing app moves words onto the next line for you.

Tab moves to the next box in a form. In a document, it can add a wide space at the start of a line. The arrow keys move the cursor without erasing text. Use them to reach a spot inside a word.

Fix a typing slip

Backspace erases the character just left of the cursor. On a Mac, this key is labeled “delete.” Some keyboards also have a separate Delete key. That one erases to the right.

For “catt” with the cursor at the end, press Backspace once. You get “cat.” If the cursor were before the extra final “t,” the separate Delete key would remove it. Check the cursor's position before you erase.

Capitals and shortcuts

Hold Shift while pressing a letter to make one capital. Release it for small letters again. Shift also types the upper mark on a key with two symbols.

Caps Lock stays on until you press it again. It makes letters capitals, but it does not act like holding Shift for number-row symbols. Check its light if letters keep appearing in capitals.

For a shortcut, hold Ctrl, tap another key, then release both. On a Mac, many shortcuts use Command (⌘) instead. Ctrl + S or Command + S saves. The plus signs mean “press together”; you do not type a plus sign.

The Esc key cancels an action or closes a menu. If a menu is open and you decide against it, try Esc.

Key Takeaways

  • Use one space between words.
  • Let lines wrap; use Enter for a new paragraph.
  • Backspace erases left of the cursor; a separate Delete key erases right.
  • Hold Shift for one capital or a key’s upper symbol.
  • Caps Lock stays on until you turn it off.
  • Hold Ctrl or Command while tapping a shortcut letter.

2.2 Clear sentences and short messages

You already know how to write a sentence. Typing adds another job: choosing the right keys and spaces. Read what appears on the screen, including the little marks.

Capitals and number keys

Use a capital at the start of a sentence, in names, and for “I.” Hold Shift while you type each capital. Caps Lock helps with a whole capital word such as “STOP.” A whole message in capitals can look like shouting.

Numbers use the top row. The number 0 and letter O look alike, but the device treats them differently. So do the number 1 and small letter l. To type “Room 10,” press the number keys 1 and 0.

Punctuation on a US keyboard

The period and comma sit near M. Type them without Shift. For other marks:

  • Hold Shift and press / for a question mark.
  • Hold Shift and press 1 for an exclamation point.
  • Hold Shift and press 2 for @.
  • Use the key next to Enter for an apostrophe.
  • Hold Shift with that same key for quotation marks.

Put no space before a period, comma, question mark, or exclamation point. Put one space after it when more text follows. “Hello , Sam .” becomes “Hello, Sam.”

Build a sentence, then check it

Try the example “My dog Max is 3 years old!” Start with Shift for the first M. Type the words with one space between them. Use Shift again for the M in Max. Press 3 without Shift. At the end, hold Shift and press 1.

You held Shift three times: twice for capitals and once for the exclamation point. The sentence has 26 characters, including its spaces and final mark.

A short thank-you note needs a greeting, message, and your name. You could type “Dear Ms. Patel,” then press Enter. Type “Thank you for the trip to the zoo.” Start another line for “From Leo.”

Read your message back. Check names, numbers, capitals, and spaces. A red wavy line may point out a spelling mistake. It will not check every number or space for you.

Key Takeaways

  • Use Shift for capitals in names, at sentence starts, and for “I.”
  • Use number keys for 1 and 0, not similar-looking letters.
  • On a US keyboard, Shift + / types a question mark.
  • Keep punctuation beside the word, with one space afterward.
  • Read your typed message back before sending or saving it.
3

Build your touch-typing skills

Touch typing gives each finger a familiar job. You begin from a home position, reach for a key, and return. Comfortable hands and careful practice help you learn these movements. Start slowly, then use your typing scores to notice progress over several weeks. You can practice these same moves while writing your schoolwork.

3.1 A comfortable seat and the home row

Touch typing means using all ten fingers without watching the keys. Your fingers learn their own keys through practice. Your eyes can stay on your writing, where you can spot mistakes.

Set up your seat

Sit back with your back straight and shoulders relaxed. Put your feet flat on the floor or a footrest. Keep your elbows bent near your sides. You should be able to reach the keyboard without stretching forward.

Hold your wrists straight, a little above the keyboard while typing. Do not bend them upward or press them onto the desk edge. Place the screen about an arm's length away. Its top should be at or a little below eye level. Ask an adult to help adjust your seat or screen.

Find your starting keys

The home row is the middle letter row. Place your fingers like this:

  • Left hand, little finger to pointer finger: A, S, D, F.
  • Right hand, pointer finger to little finger: J, K, L, semicolon.
  • Thumbs: lightly over the space bar.

Feel the bumps on F and J with your pointer fingers. These bumps let you find the starting position without looking. Curve your fingers gently, as though holding a small ball.

Tap a key lightly, then return to its home key. Your home row is a starting place between reaches. It is not the only row you will type.

Check a shifted hand

Suppose you mean to type “dad,” but get “fsf.” Your left hand may have slid one key right. The fingers that should press D and A now press F and S. Move back and feel for F's bump with your left pointer finger.

Before beginning a practice, find both bumps, place the other fingers, then look up. This short check catches a misplaced hand before you type a whole line.

Practice without strain

Learning the finger movements takes weeks of regular practice. Use light taps instead of pressing harder when a letter is difficult. Take short breaks to stretch your fingers and look far away. If your hands, wrists, or eyes hurt, stop and tell an adult.

Key Takeaways

  • Find the F and J bumps with your pointer fingers.
  • Start on A S D F and J K L ;.
  • Keep shoulders relaxed and wrists straight while typing.
  • Return each reaching finger to its home key.

3.2 Reach with the same finger each time

Every finger has its own keys. Use the same finger for each key each time. A key's column slants, so a finger often reaches a little sideways as well as up or down.

The left hand

Start with your left fingers on A, S, D, F. Follow these groups:

FingerKeys
LittleQ, A, Z
RingW, S, X
MiddleE, D, C
PointerR, F, V and T, G, B

Your left pointer finger covers two columns. It reaches toward the keyboard's middle for T, G, and B. Your left little finger also uses Tab, Caps Lock, and left Shift.

The right hand

Start on J, K, L, and semicolon.

FingerKeys
PointerU, J, M and Y, H, N
MiddleI, K, comma
RingO, L, period
LittleP, semicolon, /

The right little finger also handles outside keys such as apostrophe, Enter, Backspace, and right Shift. Use a thumb for Space.

Reach out, then come home

To type “jet,” press J with your right pointer finger. Reach from D to E with your left middle finger, then return. Reach from F toward T with your left pointer finger, then return.

Begin with home-row words such as “sad,” “lad,” and “salad.” Add a few new keys at a time. Learning E and I, then R and U, gives you more words to practice without learning the whole keyboard at once.

Use both hands for a capital

Hold Shift with the little finger of the hand opposite the letter. For “Tom,” your left pointer finger types T while your right little finger holds Shift. For “Jen,” your right pointer finger types J while your left little finger holds Shift.

The number row follows similar columns, two rows above home. Your left little, ring, and middle fingers type 1, 2, and 3. Your left pointer handles 4 and 5. Your right pointer handles 7; then middle, ring, and little handle 8, 9, and 0. Typing charts give 6 to either pointer finger. Choose one and keep using it.

If a key feels hard to reach, slow down and use its assigned finger. Switching fingers each time makes the movement harder to learn. Keep looking at the screen so you can check what you actually typed.

Key Takeaways

  • Each pointer finger covers two letter columns.
  • Reach from a home key and return after the press.
  • Use the opposite hand’s Shift for a capital.
  • A thumb presses Space.
  • Learn a few new keys at a time.
  • Use one consistent pointer finger for 6.

3.3 Accuracy first, speed next

A steady typing beat helps you choose the right keys. Keep your eyes on the screen or the text you are copying. Begin slowly enough to use the correct fingers.

Choose careful practice

Accuracy tells you how much of your typing is correct. If you rush and make many errors, you spend time fixing them. A higher speed with lots of wrong characters is not better work.

Practice for about ten minutes on most days. Short, regular practice helps your fingers remember their movements. Keep using the same fingers when writing a real story or report too. A typing game can give useful feedback, but the score is only useful if you also watch your accuracy.

Work out words per minute

Typing speed uses words per minute, or WPM. For this measure, each five characters count as one word. Spaces and punctuation count too. This makes the measure fair when different passages have long or short words.

First divide the characters by five. Then divide by the number of minutes:

WPM=(characters÷5)÷minutes

For 150 characters in two minutes:

  1. Turn characters into typing words: 150÷5=30.
  2. Share them across the two minutes: 30÷2=15.

The speed is 15 WPM. Counting only the spaces between real words would use a different measure. For example, “I like my cat.” has 14 characters, even though it has four written words.

Read an accuracy score

To find accuracy, count correct characters out of all typed characters:

accuracy=correct charactersall typed characters×100%

Suppose you type 200 characters and 10 are wrong. That leaves 190 correct.

190÷200×100=95

Your accuracy is 95%. That means 95 out of each 100 characters were correct overall. If percentages are new, start by comparing the correct count with the total count.

Compare your own scores over several weeks. Aim for careful typing with a steady rhythm. As the correct movements become familiar, you can gradually type faster.

Key Takeaways

  • Count spaces and punctuation in typing characters.
  • For WPM, divide characters by five, then by minutes.
  • Accuracy compares correct characters with all characters typed.
  • Build a steady rhythm and keep accuracy high.
  • Practice briefly and often, including during schoolwork.
4

Turn your words into a document

Your first draft can change as your ideas grow. You can add a word, move a sentence, or make a title stand out. Learn how selecting text tells the app what to change. Then bring words and a picture together in one document, and check that the finished work says what you mean.

4.1 Choose exactly what to change

The cursor is the blinking line in your writing. It shows where the next character will appear. The mouse pointer moves around the screen; the cursor stays where typing will happen.

Add text in the middle

Click where you want to write, or tap there on a touch screen. You can also move the cursor with the arrow keys. Typing adds characters at that spot and moves the following text along.

Suppose you wrote “The dog ran.” Click just before “dog.” Type “big ” with a space at the end. You now have “The big dog ran.” Without that space, you would get “bigdog.”

Select before you replace

Selecting text means highlighting the part you want to change. Drag across it, double-click a word, or hold Shift while pressing an arrow key. Ctrl + A selects all the text; use Command + A on a Mac.

In many apps, three quick clicks select a paragraph. Watch the highlight to see exactly what is selected. Typing replaces everything highlighted. Backspace or Delete removes everything highlighted. Click somewhere else in the text to unselect it.

To change “small” to “tiny,” select just “small,” then type “tiny.” If a whole sentence disappears, you may have selected more than you intended.

Take back a change

Use Undo to reverse your latest change. Its shortcut is Ctrl + Z, or Command + Z on a Mac. You can use it several times to go farther back. Redo brings an undone change back again.

Redo often uses Ctrl + Y or Ctrl + Shift + Z. On a Mac, it is often Command + Shift + Z. If you forget, look for Undo and Redo in the menu or use the curved-arrow buttons.

Help readers notice a title

Select the title before changing its appearance. B makes text bold, I makes it italic, and U underlines it. You can also choose a new size or color. Ctrl + B or Command + B switches bold on or off.

If you press Bold without selecting old words, the letters you type next become bold. Your existing title stays the same. Select the title, then choose Bold to change the words already there.

Key Takeaways

  • The cursor marks where typing appears.
  • Selected text is replaced when you type.
  • Undo reverses a change; Redo brings it back.
  • Select existing words before changing their size, color, or style.

4.2 Move words or use them again

You can move a sentence without typing it again. You can also reuse words while keeping the first copy. Cut, Copy, and Paste do these jobs.

Choose between cut and copy

Copy leaves the selected text in place and puts a copy on the clipboard. Cut removes the selected text and puts it on the clipboard. Paste inserts the clipboard's contents at the cursor.

The clipboard is a hidden holding place. It usually holds the latest thing you cut or copied. Pasting does not empty it, so you can paste the same words again. Copying or cutting something new usually replaces what it held.

Use Copy for a song's repeated chorus. Use Cut to move a story sentence to a better place. Copying when you mean to move leaves the sentence in two places.

Move a sentence step by step

Your draft says “I brushed my teeth. I woke up.” To put the events in order:

  1. Select “I woke up.” and choose Cut.
  2. Click at the start of the remaining sentence.
  3. Choose Paste.
  4. Check the space between the sentences.

The result should read “I woke up. I brushed my teeth.” Add one space between the sentences and remove an extra one if needed.

Use shortcuts or menus
JobWindows or ChromebookMac
CopyCtrl + CCommand + C
Cut textCtrl + XCommand + X
PasteCtrl + VCommand + V

You can also right-click selected text to see these commands. On a touch screen, select text and press and hold to find the menu.

Paste soon after cutting. If you copy something else first, it can replace your cut words on the clipboard. Use Undo if you cut the wrong text. If Paste inserts an unexpected phrase, select and copy the words you actually need before trying again.

Use the same idea for pictures and files

You can cut, copy, and paste pictures, including between documents. Copy and paste also makes a second file in a folder. To move a file on Windows or a Chromebook, cut and paste it. On a Mac, copy the file with Command + C, open the new folder, then press Command + Option + V to move it.

Key Takeaways

  • Copy keeps the original; Cut removes it.
  • Paste inserts the clipboard contents at the cursor.
  • A new cut or copy usually replaces the clipboard contents.
  • Check spaces after moving a sentence.
  • Files use different move shortcuts on a Mac.

4.3 Words and a picture that work together

A document is writing made in a writing app, or word processor. It could be a report, letter, or poster. Before opening a blank page, decide what your reader needs to see.

Build the writing

For a short report, plan a title, a few paragraphs, and a useful picture. Open a new blank document. Type your title, then press Enter. Write each paragraph and press Enter once when that paragraph ends.

Select the title to make it bold or larger. Let the app wrap ordinary lines itself. Your paragraphs keep related sentences together, so readers can follow one idea at a time.

Add the picture

Click where the picture should go. Choose Insert, then Image or Picture. You might choose a saved picture, take one with the device's camera, or use a picture collection your teacher allows.

Select the picture to see small squares or circles called handles. Drag a corner handle to resize it while keeping its shape. Watch the picture as you drag. Undo if its shape changes, then use the app's keep-shape setting. A side handle can stretch or squash a picture in apps that allow free resizing.

To move a selected picture, drag it to the place your app allows. Some apps keep it in a line of text; in that case, cut it and paste at the new cursor position. To remove it, select it and press Backspace or Delete.

Use and credit pictures fairly

Choose a picture you made or are allowed to use. Finding a picture online does not give you permission to reuse it. Keep any required credit with it.

Under a picture from your class collection, you could write “Picture from the class picture library.” You can label your own photo too: “Photo by Ana.” A caption tells readers about the picture; a credit names its maker or source.

Read the finished page

A red wavy line can mark a possible spelling mistake. Right-click the word to see suggestions. Read each suggestion before accepting it. A spell checker can miss a real word used wrongly. In “I red a book,” “red” is a word, but the sentence needs “read.”

Read the whole document aloud. Check that the title matches the writing and the picture fits. For “My Pet Rabbit,” you could include a paragraph about food, another about care, and a photo labeled “Snowy eating a carrot. Photo by Ana.” Save after making your final changes.

Key Takeaways

  • Plan a title, paragraphs, and a useful picture.
  • Use a corner handle to resize without changing shape.
  • Use pictures you made or have permission to use.
  • Keep a credit with someone else’s picture.
  • Read the whole page; spell check can miss a wrong real word.
  • Save your finished changes.
5

Keep your work and find it again

A story is much easier to find when it has a clear name and a known home. Saving keeps your changes; folders group related files. You will choose names that make sense, keep copies apart, and follow paths through folders. You will also learn where to look when a saved or downloaded file seems to be missing.

5.1 Save changes and keep a second version

A file is one piece of saved work, such as a drawing or story. Work that has not been saved can disappear when the app closes or the device loses power.

Save early and often

Choose File, then Save, click the save icon, or press Ctrl + S. On a Mac, use Command + S. The first save asks for a name and a folder. Notice both so you can find the file later.

Save every few minutes and after a useful bit of writing. Always save before closing. Imagine writing for 20 minutes before the battery runs out. If you saved three minutes earlier, only those last three minutes are at risk. Without any save, all 20 minutes are at risk.

Save or Save As?

Save updates the file you are working on. Save As, sometimes called Save a copy, creates another file. You choose its name or place. The first file keeps the version you last saved there.

Suppose “Story” is saved and you want to try a new ending. Choose Save As and name the new file “Story version 2.” Make your changes in this new version, then save it. You can still open the first story to compare the endings.

If you choose Save on the original story after changing its ending, you update that original. You have not made a separate version.

Check automatic saving

Many online writing apps use autosave. They save as you work, often before you ever choose Save. Look for a message such as “Saved” or a cloud symbol showing that saving has finished.

If the internet connection drops, wait for it to return and check the saved message before closing. A page still on your screen may contain changes that have not reached online storage yet.

Files can live on the device, on the school's network, or online. Online storage is often called the cloud. Log in to your online storage from another device to reach the files kept there. A file saved only on one laptop will not appear in your cloud storage by itself.

Read the closing message

Some apps ask whether to save when you close with unsaved changes. Choose Save to keep them. “Don't Save” throws away changes since the last save. Read the message before clicking; closing an app is not a saving method.

Key Takeaways

  • Save updates your current file.
  • Save As makes a separate file for another version.
  • Choose a name and folder on your first save.
  • With autosave, check that saving has finished.
  • Cloud storage lets you reach saved files after logging in on another device.

5.2 Names that help you find your work

A file name tells you what is inside. “Document1” gives little help when you have many files. “Volcano report” gives you something useful to recognize or search for.

Say what the file contains

Keep a name short and clear. Include the topic and kind of work. Add a version word or number when needed: “Volcano report draft 2.” This separates your new draft from an earlier one.

A class can agree on a pattern such as name, subject, and task. “Leo - Science - Plants” follows that order. Use the same pattern every time so the files line up clearly.

Put dates in order

For file names, write dates as year-month-day. Use two digits for the month and day. “2026-03-14 Volcano report” means March 14, 2026. Hyphens separate the parts.

Sorting by name puts these examples in time order:

  1. “2025-12-01 Volcano notes”
  2. “2026-03-14 Volcano report”
  3. “2026-11-02 Volcano poster”

The year is compared first, then the month, then the day. A month-first name can put a new year's January file before an older year's December file. Avoid slashes in dates used as names.

Keep numbered parts in order

Some apps compare names one character at a time. They can put “Story 10” before “Story 2,” because 1 comes before 2. A leading zero solves this for numbers up to 99: “Story 01,” “Story 02,” “Story 10.” Give every number the same number of digits.

Use letters, numbers, spaces, hyphens, or underscores in names. Many computers reject marks such as slashes, a colon, a question mark, or quotation marks. A simple name works across more devices.

Rename without replacing work

Right-click a file and choose Rename. Type the new name and press Enter. In many online writing apps, click the document title at the top to rename it.

If saving brings up a message about replacing an existing file, stop and read it. Replacing can remove the older work. Give your new version a different name when you want both. Some online stores allow duplicate names, but those files are easy to mix up.

Key Takeaways

  • Use a name that tells you the topic and task.
  • Follow one agreed naming pattern in a group.
  • Write dates year-month-day for name sorting.
  • Use leading zeros for numbered files.
  • Read a replace message before saving over old work.

5.3 Give every file a home

A folder holds files and other folders. Its icon often looks like a paper folder. Grouping work by subject or project gives you a place to look later.

Build a simple folder tree

Open your files app at the place where the folder should live. Choose New folder, give it a clear name, then press Enter. On many computers, you can also right-click an empty space to find New folder.

A folder inside another folder is a subfolder. You could make Science and Writing inside Schoolwork. Then make Plants project inside Science. The route “Schoolwork › Science › Plants project” is a path. Open each folder in that order.

Keep the plan simple enough to remember. For six loose files, put “Plants report” and “Plants photo” in Science. Put “Times tables quiz” and “Fractions poster” in Math. Put “My poem” and “Story 01” in Writing.

Move or copy?

Moving puts a file in a new place and removes it from its old place. Copying makes a separate second file. Changing one separate copy does not change the other.

To move on Windows or a Chromebook, select the file and choose Cut. Open the new folder and choose Paste. On a Mac, use Command + C to copy the selected file, open the new folder, then Command + Option + V to move it there.

Dragging between folders on the same drive normally moves a file. Dragging to another drive may copy it. Check the action shown while dragging, or use the move commands when you need a move. Afterward, open the destination folder and check your file is there.

To make a second copy, use Copy, then Paste inside the other folder. Decide which copy you will keep working on so you do not edit the wrong version.

Delete with care

Right-click an unwanted file and choose Delete, or Move to Trash on a Mac. On Windows, the Delete key can do this after selection. On a Mac, use Command + Delete.

Many devices first put deleted files in the Recycle Bin or Trash. Restore a file from there if you deleted it by mistake, before the bin is emptied. Deleting a folder also deletes its contents, so open it and check before deleting.

In a shared folder, other people can open the files too. Put your own work in the right place. Do not move, rename, or delete someone else's file.

Key Takeaways

  • Folders group files; subfolders sit inside folders.
  • A path tells you which folders to open in order.
  • Move changes a file’s home; Copy makes a separate file.
  • Look inside a folder before you delete it.
  • You may be able to restore a file from Trash or Recycle Bin.
  • Leave other people’s files alone in a shared folder.

5.4 Look in the right place

You do not need to start your work again when a file seems missing. Try the places and tools that help you find saved work.

Follow a path

Start in the folder where you saved. For “Schoolwork › Science › Plants project,” open Schoolwork, then Science, then Plants project. Look there for “Leo - Science - Plants.” Double-click to open it in many desktop files apps, or tap it on a touch screen.

Inside a writing app, File and then Open lets you browse to a file. The shortcut is Ctrl + O, or Command + O on a Mac.

Recent, search, or sort

The Recent list shows files you worked on lately. Try it first for yesterday's story. A recent list helps you reach a file; it is not a new storage folder for the work.

Use search when you remember part of the name. In the files app or online storage, type a word such as “volcano.” Search often ignores capitals, so it can find “Volcano report.” Some search tools also look inside documents. Check the result's name and location before opening.

Sorting changes the order of a file list. Sort by name to see A to Z. Sort by Date modified with newest first when you remember working on the file recently. In many files apps, click the Name or Date modified heading. Check which direction the list runs.

Check downloaded and deleted files

To download is to copy a file from the internet onto your device. Downloads often go into a folder named Downloads. Look there for a picture you just downloaded, even if your report lives in Schoolwork.

If a file was deleted by mistake, look in Recycle Bin or Trash. A file there may be restored before the bin is emptied. If you still cannot find your work, ask your teacher.

For a missing drawing, you might check Recent first. Next, search for a word you used in its name. Check Downloads if you obtained it online. Check Trash if you may have deleted it. Once found, put it in a folder you recognize and use a clear name.

Key Takeaways

  • Follow the saved path one folder at a time.
  • Try Recent for work you used lately.
  • Search for part of the file name.
  • Sort by date changed to bring recent edits together.
  • Check Downloads for files copied from the internet.
6

Choose how others see your work

A finished page can become a paper copy or a shared online file. Before printing, check the preview and choose just the pages you need. Before sharing, decide who needs access and what they should be allowed to do. These choices help your work reach the right people without extra copies or unwanted changes.

6.1 Check the preview before printing

Printing makes a paper copy of your work. Open the print screen with File and then Print, the printer icon, or Ctrl + P. On a Mac, use Command + P.

Look before you print

The print preview shows how the pages will look on paper. Check that the writing fits and no picture hangs off a page. Look through every page you plan to print. A blank extra page is easier to notice here than after printing.

Read for spelling mistakes before opening Print. If you spot a problem in the preview, return to the document, fix it, and check again.

Choose the settings

Pick the correct classroom printer from the list. Then choose your pages and number of copies. Pages tell the printer which parts of the document you want. Copies tell it how many sets of those pages you need.

To print page 3 only, enter “3” in the pages box. To print pages 2 and 3, enter “2-3.” The hyphen includes both ends of that range. Choose black and white when color is not needed.

Suppose a document has four pages. You and a partner each need pages 2 and 3. Choose pages “2-3” and two copies. Each copy contains two pages:

2×2=4

That is four printed pages. If printing uses one side of each sheet, you need four sheets. The pages setting “2-3” is different from asking for three copies.

Send one job

Press Print once, then wait. Each press can send another job. If nothing appears, check the printer name and ask an adult. Pressing Print repeatedly can make several unwanted sets appear later.

Collect the pages when they are ready. Ask an adult if the paper runs out or jams. Checking the preview, page range, and copy count before printing saves paper and ink.

Key Takeaways

  • Use preview to check how the paper pages will look.
  • Pages chooses the document pages; Copies chooses the number of sets.
  • A range such as 2-3 includes pages 2 and 3.
  • Press Print once and wait.

6.2 Share with the right people

Sharing online lets someone open your work without a paper copy. You might hand it in through a class app, place it in a shared folder, or use a Share button.

Upload or share a saved file

An upload copies a file from your device to a website or online storage. To hand in a saved drawing, choose the file and start the upload. Wait for it to finish before closing the page. A download goes the other way, from online storage to your device.

A Share button lets you give people access to a file. You can add their names or send a link. Check both the people and the link setting before you finish.

Choose what each person can do
PermissionWhat the person can do
Can viewLook at your work
Can commentAdd notes without changing your work
Can editChange the work

Choose the smallest permission that does the job. A teacher giving feedback may need comment access. A partner adding a paragraph needs edit access. A classmate reading your finished story may only need view access.

For a rainforest slideshow, give your two partners edit access. Each can add their own slides. Give your teacher comment access for feedback without changes to the slides themselves.

Some links open only for people you selected. Others let anyone with the link open the file. A link limited to chosen people is the safer schoolwork setting. Sending a link does not always mean everyone receiving it has access; check the setting.

Share with the people your teacher or trusted adult agrees to. Keep passwords and private details, such as your home address, out of shared work.

Work kindly in a shared file

Agree who will work on each part. Change your own part unless the group agrees otherwise. Do not erase someone else's work. Write comments that help with the task.

“I like your volcano picture. Could you add a label for the lava?” tells a partner what would help. “This is bad” does not explain what to improve.

Share your own words and pictures, or work you are allowed to use. Keep picture credits with the pictures, including when the whole document is shared.

Key Takeaways

  • Upload sends a copy from your device to online storage.
  • Choose view, comment, or edit to match the person’s task.
  • Check who can open the link before sharing.
  • Agree on each person’s part and write useful comments.
  • Keep credits with pictures when sharing.

Keyboard and Computer Basics examples

6 Walkthroughs

1

Start, point, and touch

12 steps
Try a device session, then match mouse and touch actions to the job you want to do.
  1. 1
    IntroductionChoose an action

    You want to open a class activity, move a card, and read the next page. Each job needs a different action. Start with signing in, then try the mouse, trackpad, and touch-screen moves that control what happens.

  2. 2
    ExplanationStart your own session

    Press the power button once and wait. If a sign-in screen appears, type your username and password in their own boxes.

    Your username names your account. Your password is its secret code. Check capitals carefully, because “Cat9” and “cat9” are different passwords.

  3. 3
    ExampleBring a hidden app back

    You opened a drawing app, then chose Minimize. Its window disappeared, but the app stayed open.

    Look along the screen edge for the bar of app icons. Click the drawing app’s icon in the taskbar, Dock, or shelf. The window comes back with your work.

  4. 4
    ChallengeFinish on a shared device

    You saved your work and closed the laptop lid. Your classmate is about to use it. Have you ended your account session? What should you do?

    ---reveal---

    No. Closing the lid usually puts the laptop to sleep. Open it and choose Log out or Sign out so the next child cannot keep using your session.

  5. 5
    ExplanationOne click or two?

    Move the pointer onto the item first. A single click selects an icon or presses a button. A double-click often opens a desktop file.

    For a double-click, press twice quickly while holding the mouse still. Two slow clicks can leave the file selected without opening it.

  6. 6
    ExampleCarry a card across the screen

    Point at a card you want to place in a box. Hold the left mouse button down and move toward the box. Keep holding until the card reaches it.

    Release the button inside the box. On a trackpad, press and keep pressing while sliding your finger, then release at the destination.

  7. 7
    ChallengeThe card stopped early

    You released the mouse button halfway to a card’s target box. What should you do to place the card?

    ---reveal---

    Point at the card again. Hold the left button while moving into the box, then release. Moving the pointer after releasing does not keep carrying the card.

  8. 8
    TipRead farther down

    To see lower down a page, roll the mouse wheel. On most trackpads, slide two fingers to scroll. The page’s contents stay the same.

    To see extra choices for an item, right-click it instead. Most trackpads use a two-finger click or tap for that menu.

  9. 9
    ConnectionUse your finger on the screen

    A tap matches a click. A press and hold often shows a menu, like a right-click. A quick swipe can scroll or turn a page.

    To place a touch-screen card, touch and drag it slowly, keeping your finger on it until it reaches the box. Then lift your finger.

  10. 10
    ExampleRead a map label

    A map photo has a tiny place name. Put two fingers over that part and spread them apart. The label looks larger.

    Now pinch the two fingers together to see more of the whole map. Spread gives a closer view; pinch gives a wider view.

  11. 11
    ChallengeChange devices, keep the job

    On a laptop you right-clicked a photo for choices. Now you have a touch-screen tablet. You also need a closer look at a small detail. Which two gestures help?

    ---reveal---

    Press and hold the photo for extra choices. Spread two fingers for a closer view. These gestures do different jobs, just like right-clicking and zooming on the laptop.

  12. 12
    RecapMatch the action to the job

    Sign in to your own session. Choose an item before clicking, dragging, or opening its menu. On a touch screen, use the matching finger gesture. When you finish, save and sign out on a shared device.

2

Type a short classroom message

10 steps
Choose letters, numbers, and punctuation, then fix a typing slip with the right key.

Save this lesson to follow every Walkthrough step by step.

  1. 1
    IntroductionMake the screen say what you mean
  2. 2
    ExplanationSpace, Enter, and the cursor
  3. 3
    ExampleRemove one extra letter
  4. 4
    ChallengeFix a slip in the middle
  5. 5
    ExampleBegin a typed sentence
  6. 6
    ExampleFinish with the right mark
  7. 7
    TipKeep symbols and numbers apart
  8. 8
    ChallengeGive a note its spaces
  9. 9
    ChallengeCorrect and continue
  10. 10
    RecapRead the message back
3

From the home row to useful typing scores

15 steps
Set up your hands, follow a finger’s reach, and compare speed with accuracy.

Save this lesson to follow every Walkthrough step by step.

  1. 1
    IntroductionGive your fingers a familiar starting place
  2. 2
    ExplanationSettle into a comfortable seat
  3. 3
    ExampleFeel the home position
  4. 4
    ChallengeA hand has slipped
  5. 5
    ExampleType the first letter of “jet”
  6. 6
    ExampleReach for E, then T
  7. 7
    ChallengeUse two hands for a capital
  8. 8
    TipLearn a few keys at a time
  9. 9
    ExplanationCount typing words fairly
  10. 10
    ExampleTurn characters into typing words
  11. 11
    ExampleShare the words across the minutes
  12. 12
    ExampleWork out accuracy
  13. 13
    ChallengeRead a new speed score
  14. 14
    ChallengeChoose the useful practice habit
  15. 15
    RecapTake the habit into real writing
4

Change a draft and add a picture

14 steps
Follow a small edit, move a sentence, then finish a document with an allowed picture.

Save this lesson to follow every Walkthrough step by step.

  1. 1
    IntroductionWork on a draft in small steps
  2. 2
    ExampleAdd a word in the middle
  3. 3
    ExplanationSelect to replace or format
  4. 4
    ChallengeAn accidental replacement
  5. 5
    AnalogyA temporary holding place
  6. 6
    ExampleTake out the sentence to move
  7. 7
    ExamplePlace it at the beginning
  8. 8
    ChallengeKeep the original as well
  9. 9
    ExplanationPlan the page before decorating
  10. 10
    ExampleInsert the photo
  11. 11
    TipChange size and keep shape
  12. 12
    ChallengeRead beyond the spelling warning
  13. 13
    ChallengeFinish one useful edit
  14. 14
    RecapCheck the part, then the page
5

Save a project where you can find it

15 steps
Create a named version, follow folders, and choose a useful search when a file seems missing.

Save this lesson to follow every Walkthrough step by step.

  1. 1
    IntroductionGive your project a known home
  2. 2
    ExplanationKeep the latest changes
  3. 3
    ExampleTry a new version
  4. 4
    ChallengeWait for the saved message
  5. 5
    ExampleName the work clearly
  6. 6
    ExplanationSort dates and part numbers
  7. 7
    ChallengeRepair a file name
  8. 8
    AnalogyFolders within folders
  9. 9
    ExampleMove the file to its new home
  10. 10
    ChallengeA separate copy has changed
  11. 11
    TipLook inside before deleting
  12. 12
    ExampleChoose a way to look
  13. 13
    ChallengeFollow a new path
  14. 14
    ChallengeKeep the first draft and find the next
  15. 15
    RecapNames and places help each other
6

Send the right pages to the right people

11 steps
Choose print settings and sharing access for a finished class project.

Save this lesson to follow every Walkthrough step by step.

  1. 1
    IntroductionDecide how the work will be used
  2. 2
    ExplanationCheck the paper view
  3. 3
    ExampleChoose a page range
  4. 4
    ChallengePrint a different set
  5. 5
    ConnectionSend a file online
  6. 6
    ExplanationMatch access to the job
  7. 7
    ChallengeGive the teacher the right access
  8. 8
    TipCheck the link and the people
  9. 9
    ExampleLeave a helpful comment
  10. 10
    ChallengeTwo ways to show the project
  11. 11
    RecapCheck settings before sending

Keyboard and Computer Basics practice questions

60 Practice Questions in 6 sets

Set 1: Use your device with confidence10 Practice Questions

Question 1 of 10

You hid a writing window with Minimize. How can you bring it back?
  1. Press the device’s power button once again.
  2. Click its app icon in the screen-edge bar.
  3. Choose Shut down from the device menu.
  4. Log out and ask someone else to log in.
Show answerHide answer
Answer: B
Minimize keeps the app open while hiding its window. Its icon in the taskbar, Dock, or shelf brings the window back. Pressing the power button is a device action, so it is not how you reopen a minimized window.

Question 2 of 10

Your password has a small “b,” but the device keeps typing “B.” What should you check before trying again?
  1. Keep Caps Lock on and retype the password.
  2. Add a space after the password and try again.
  3. Use your username in the password box instead.
  4. Check Caps Lock, then retype the password.
Show answerHide answer
Answer: D
Caps Lock can keep letters in capitals when you need small letters. Turn it off and enter the password carefully. A capital B is a different password character from a small b; adding a space would change the password again.

Question 3 of 10

You finished on a shared laptop. Your last sentence is unsaved, and another child will use it next. What should you do before leaving?
  1. Save, close the app, and sign out.
  2. Close the app, then close the lid.
  3. Minimize the app, then close the lid.
  4. Sign out, then look for the save button.
Show answerHide answer
Answer: A
Save while the document is open, then close it and sign out. This keeps the last sentence and ends your account session. Closing the lid usually puts the laptop to sleep, so it can leave your account open for the next user.

Question 4 of 10

How do you show the Rename menu for a file with a mouse?
  1. Double-click the file.
  2. Scroll over the file.
  3. Right-click the file.
  4. Drag the file slightly.
Show answerHide answer
Answer: C
A right-click opens a menu for the file under the pointer. Rename is commonly one of its commands. Double-clicking usually opens the file, so it does a different job from showing the file’s extra choices.

Question 5 of 10

Your file becomes selected but does not open after two mouse clicks. How should you try again?
  1. Move the mouse sideways between the two clicks.
  2. Keep the mouse still and click twice slowly.
  3. Keep the mouse still and click twice quickly.
  4. Hold the right button while rolling the wheel.
Show answerHide answer
Answer: C
A double-click needs two quick clicks in the same place. Slow clicks can be treated as separate single clicks, leaving the file selected. Moving between clicks can also stop the device from treating them as one double-click.

Question 6 of 10

You are halfway through dragging a card into a box. How do you finish placing it?
  1. Release now, then move the pointer to the box.
  2. Keep holding, move into the box, then release.
  3. Keep holding and scroll away from the box.
  4. Release now, then double-click the empty box.
Show answerHide answer
Answer: B
Dragging works by holding while you move, then releasing at the destination. Releasing halfway drops the card too early. Moving the pointer afterward will not carry the card because you are no longer holding it.

Question 7 of 10

You want to read farther down a long page. What mouse action helps?
  1. Roll the mouse wheel.
  2. Hold the left button.
  3. Double-click the title.
  4. Right-click the title.
Show answerHide answer
Answer: A
Rolling the wheel scrolls the page so another part comes into view. It does not change your writing. Holding the left button can begin a drag or selection, but it is not the usual action for reading down a page.

Question 8 of 10

A label in a map photo looks too small. What touch gesture gives you a closer view?
  1. Pinch two fingers together.
  2. Swipe once to the next photo.
  3. Tap the home-screen button.
  4. Spread two fingers apart.
Show answerHide answer
Answer: D
Spreading two fingers zooms in, so the label appears larger. Pinching zooms out and makes the view smaller. Swiping can change the picture or position instead of giving a closer look at the same label.

Question 9 of 10

You use right-click to find extra choices on a laptop. What touch-screen action often does the same job?
  1. Swipe quickly past the item.
  2. Press and hold the item.
  3. Spread two fingers over it.
  4. Tap the item twice rapidly.
Show answerHide answer
Answer: B
Pressing and holding often opens the item’s extra choices, like a right-click. A double-tap can zoom or select a word in many apps. It is a quick repeated touch, so it is different from the held touch used for a menu.

Question 10 of 10

Your on-screen keyboard shows numbers. Which key usually brings back letters?
  1. ABC
  2. 123
  3. Shift
  4. Enter
Show answerHide answer
Answer: A
The ABC key brings back the letter keys. The 123 key switches to numbers and symbols, which are already showing here. Shift changes the letter case or available symbols; it does not usually return you to the letter keyboard.
Set 2: Type and fix short messages10 Practice Questions

Save this lesson to see every answer and practice every set.

Question 1 of 10

What key adds one gap between two words?
  1. Enter
  2. Tab
  3. Space
  4. Shift
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Question 2 of 10

You typed “hatt” and the cursor is at the end. How do you make it “hat”?
  1. Press Backspace once.
  2. Press the right arrow once.
  3. Press the Del key once.
  4. Press Space, then Enter.
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Question 3 of 10

Caps Lock is off. How can you type one capital N?
  1. Tap Shift first, then press n.
  2. Press n, then hold Shift down.
  3. Tap Caps Lock twice, then n.
  4. Hold Shift while pressing n.
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Question 4 of 10

You are typing a paragraph and reach the right edge. What should you do to keep the same paragraph going?
  1. Press Enter at every screen edge.
  2. Keep typing and let the words wrap.
  3. Add spaces until a new line appears.
  4. Press Tab to begin the next screen line.
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Question 5 of 10

On a US keyboard, how do you type an exclamation point?
  1. Hold Shift and press 2.
  2. Hold Shift and press 1.
  3. Press 1 without Shift.
  4. Press / without Shift.
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Question 6 of 10

You need to type “Bus 20.” Which keys make the last two characters?
  1. The number 2 and letter O.
  2. The letter Z and number 0.
  3. The letter Z and letter O.
  4. The number keys 2 and 0.
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Question 7 of 10

How should you fix the spacing in “Ready ? Yes !”?
  1. “Ready? Yes!”
  2. “Ready ?Yes!”
  3. “Ready?Yes !”
  4. “Ready ? Yes!”
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Question 8 of 10

What US keyboard shortcut types a question mark?
  1. Shift + 1
  2. Shift + 2
  3. Shift + /
  4. Ctrl + /
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Question 9 of 10

How should you type “maya and i visit room 6.” as a correctly capitalized sentence?
  1. Capitalize the first letter of every word.
  2. Capitalize I, but leave the name maya small.
  3. Capitalize Maya, but leave the word i small.
  4. Capitalize Maya and I; leave the other words small.
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Question 10 of 10

Caps Lock is on. You want to type “Can Otis come?” with ordinary capitalization and no extra spaces. What key plan works?
  1. Keep it on; hold Shift only for the ?.
  2. Turn it off; type with no Shift at all.
  3. Turn it off; use Shift for C, O, and ?.
  4. Keep it on; type a space before the ?.
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Set 3: Build careful typing habits10 Practice Questions

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Question 1 of 10

Which keys have bumps that help your pointer fingers find home?
  1. F and J
  2. D and K
  3. G and H
  4. A and semicolon
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Question 2 of 10

Your right pointer finger rests on J. Where should your next three right fingers rest?
  1. H, G, and F.
  2. U, I, and O.
  3. K, L, and semicolon.
  4. M, comma, and period.
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Question 3 of 10

Your feet do not reach the floor while typing. What can help support them?
  1. Balance your feet on tiptoes.
  2. Tuck your feet behind the chair.
  3. Slide to the edge of your seat.
  4. Put a footrest under your feet.
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Question 4 of 10

Which finger types E in the home-row method?
  1. Left pointer finger.
  2. Left middle finger.
  3. Right middle finger.
  4. Left ring finger.
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Question 5 of 10

You are typing the capital R. Which fingers should work together?
  1. Left pointer and right little finger.
  2. Left pointer and left little finger.
  3. Right pointer and left little finger.
  4. Left middle and right little finger.
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Question 6 of 10

Your left pointer finger is on F. You need to type “Go” and then a space using touch typing. What sequence works?
  1. Left Shift with left pointer for G; right ring for o; pointer for Space.
  2. Right Shift with left middle for G; right middle for o; thumb for Space.
  3. Left Shift with right pointer for G; right ring for o; little finger for Space.
  4. Right Shift with left pointer for G; right ring for o; thumb for Space.
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Question 7 of 10

A practice records 180 characters in three minutes. What is the speed in WPM?
  1. 36 WPM
  2. 12 WPM
  3. 60 WPM
  4. 18 WPM
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Question 8 of 10

You type 100 characters and 7 are wrong. What is your accuracy?
  1. 7%
  2. 97%
  3. 93%
  4. 100%
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Question 9 of 10

In round one, you type 120 characters in two minutes with 6 errors. In round two, you type 150 in two minutes with 15 errors. How did speed and accuracy change?
  1. Speed rose; accuracy fell.
  2. Speed fell; accuracy rose.
  3. Speed rose; accuracy stayed the same.
  4. Speed stayed the same; accuracy fell.
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Question 10 of 10

Luca types 240 characters in four minutes with 12 errors. Nia types 200 in two minutes with 20 errors. Who has greater accuracy, and who has greater speed?
  1. Nia has greater accuracy; Luca has greater speed.
  2. Luca has greater accuracy; Nia has greater speed.
  3. Luca has greater accuracy and greater speed.
  4. Nia has greater accuracy and greater speed.
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Set 4: Improve a document before you save10 Practice Questions

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Question 1 of 10

What shows where the next typed letter will appear in a document?
  1. The arrow pointer.
  2. The text highlight.
  3. The I-shaped pointer.
  4. The blinking cursor.
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Question 2 of 10

Only “green” is selected in “The green frog jumped.” You type “small.” What does the sentence become?
  1. “The greensmall frog jumped.”
  2. “The small frog jumped.”
  3. “The green small frog jumped.”
  4. “The small green frog jumped.”
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Question 3 of 10

You click Bold, but the title you already typed does not change. How should you make just that title bold?
  1. Select the title, then apply Bold.
  2. Select the whole page, then use Bold.
  3. Type the title again on a new line.
  4. Click at the end and press Enter.
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Question 4 of 10

You want the same greeting at the start of two notes. What command keeps the first greeting while you reuse it?
  1. Cut
  2. Undo
  3. Copy
  4. Delete
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Question 5 of 10

You copy “Meet at noon.” Then you copy “Bring a hat.” What will Paste usually insert?
  1. “Meet at noon.”
  2. “Meet at noon. Bring a hat.”
  3. “Bring a hat.”
  4. “Bring a hat. Meet at noon.”
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Question 6 of 10

A draft reads “We ate lunch. We washed our hands.” You want washing first and only one copy of each sentence. What should you do?
  1. Copy the second sentence, paste at the start, then fix the spacing.
  2. Cut the first sentence, paste at the start, then fix the spacing.
  3. Copy both sentences, paste at the start, then fix the spacing.
  4. Cut the second sentence, paste at the start, then fix the spacing.
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Question 7 of 10

You resize a selected picture and it becomes wide and flat. What should you try?
  1. Undo, then resize from a corner while keeping its shape.
  2. Undo, then pull a side handle farther outward.
  3. Delete the caption and leave the stretched picture.
  4. Make the title smaller and leave the picture unchanged.
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Question 8 of 10

A class picture library lets you use a bird photo and asks for a credit. What belongs below the picture?
  1. A caption describing the bird itself.
  2. A credit naming the class picture library.
  3. A note saying the library owns your report.
  4. A title giving the bird’s common name.
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Question 9 of 10

Your report uses an allowed picture, but it has no credit and looks stretched. The sentence “We saw a bare in the woods” has no spelling warning. What should you fix before sharing?
  1. Keep its shape, add the credit, and leave “bare” because it has no warning.
  2. Restore the shape, omit the credit, and change “bare” to “bear.”
  3. Keep the picture, remove its credit, and leave every correctly spelled word.
  4. Restore the picture’s shape, add its credit, and change “bare” to “bear.”
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Question 10 of 10

Your report has a plain title, one long block containing two ideas, and an allowed photo saved on the device. How can you make a clear document with that photo?
  1. Format the whole report, separate the ideas into paragraphs, and insert the photo with its credit.
  2. Format the selected title, end every wrapped line with Enter, and insert the photo with its credit.
  3. Format the selected title, separate the ideas into paragraphs, and insert the photo with its credit.
  4. Format the selected title, separate the ideas into paragraphs, and insert the photo without its credit.
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Set 5: Organize and recover your saved work10 Practice Questions

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Question 1 of 10

You want to keep changes in the file you are already working on. What command does that?
  1. Save As
  2. Save
  3. Rename
  4. Open
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Question 2 of 10

Your first poem is saved. You want to try a new ending while keeping that saved version. What should you do?
  1. Use Save As with a new name, write the ending in that file, then Save.
  2. Write the new ending in the first file, Save, then close without saving.
  3. Rename the first file, write the new ending, then Save over it.
  4. Write the new ending, press Save, then look for the first name in Recent.
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Question 3 of 10

What is a clear name for your second draft of a report about bridges?
  1. “New document 2”
  2. “My latest file”
  3. “Bridges report draft 2”
  4. “Work for today”
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Question 4 of 10

Your app compares file names one character at a time. You need parts 2 and 12 to stay in number order, and dates to stay in time order across years. What pattern works?
  1. “04-09-2026 Pond 2” and “04-09-2026 Pond 12”
  2. “2026-04-09 Pond 2” and “2026-04-09 Pond 12”
  3. “04-09-2026 Pond 02” and “04-09-2026 Pond 12”
  4. “2026-04-09 Pond 02” and “2026-04-09 Pond 12”
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Question 5 of 10

You copied a drawing into a second folder. Later you changed that separate copy. What happens to the first drawing?
  1. It keeps its earlier contents.
  2. It receives the same edits too.
  3. It moves to the second folder.
  4. It is deleted when the second copy is saved.
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Question 6 of 10

On a Mac, a file is in Art, but its only home should be Projects › Masks. What keyboard sequence moves it there?
  1. Select it and press Command + C; open Projects, then Masks; press Command + V.
  2. Select it and press Command + C; open Projects; press Command + Option + V.
  3. Select it and press Command + V; open Projects, then Masks; press Command + C.
  4. Select it and press Command + C; open Projects, then Masks; press Command + Option + V.
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Question 7 of 10

You want to delete a folder named “Old project.” What should you check first?
  1. Read just the folder’s name to decide what is inside.
  2. Open the folder and check all its contents.
  3. Empty Recycle Bin before checking the folder.
  4. Open one file and assume the others are the same.
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Question 8 of 10

You downloaded a pattern from your class website and cannot see it in Writing. Where should you look next?
  1. Documents
  2. Pictures
  3. Downloads
  4. Desktop
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Question 9 of 10

You remember “shells” from a file’s name but forget its folder. How can you look for it?
  1. Use Find inside your currently open document.
  2. Search for “shells” in your files app.
  3. Sort only the folder that is already open.
  4. Search only the class website’s file list.
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Question 10 of 10

Search finds two “Garden notes” files. One is in Downloads and one in Science. You know your latest edits were yesterday. What should you check before choosing your working file?
  1. Compare the locations and dates changed, then open the likely latest file to check its contents.
  2. Choose Downloads because a downloaded file always contains the latest changes from every copy.
  3. Choose Science because files in subject folders always update the downloaded copies too.
  4. Rename both to the same new name so the two files combine into one updated document.
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Set 6: Print and share a finished project10 Practice Questions

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Question 1 of 10

What does print preview help you check?
  1. The pages’ look in the editing window.
  2. The pages the printer already finished.
  3. The pages’ planned appearance on paper.
  4. The pages’ earlier saved versions.
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Question 2 of 10

Your document has eight pages. You need pages 4 through 6 once, printed on one side per sheet. How many sheets are needed?
  1. 2 sheets
  2. 6 sheets
  3. 8 sheets
  4. 3 sheets
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Question 3 of 10

A nine-page document needs pages 5 through 7 for four children. Each child needs one set, printed on one side per sheet. What settings and total are right?
  1. Pages “5-7”; 3 copies; 9 sheets.
  2. Pages “5-7”; 4 copies; 12 sheets.
  3. Pages “1-7”; 4 copies; 28 sheets.
  4. Pages “5-7”; 4 copies; 8 sheets.
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Question 4 of 10

You pressed Print once, but nothing has appeared. What should you do next?
  1. Check the printer choice and ask an adult.
  2. Press Print several more times to speed it up.
  3. Increase the copies box and press Print again.
  4. Send every page again with a new file name.
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Question 5 of 10

Your teacher needs to leave notes without changing your story. What permission fits?
  1. Can edit
  2. Can comment
  3. Can view
  4. Anyone with the link
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Question 6 of 10

You are handing in a drawing saved on your laptop through your class website. Which direction does the upload go?
  1. From the website to the laptop.
  2. From the laptop to the printer.
  3. From one laptop folder to another.
  4. From the laptop to the website.
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Question 7 of 10

Two partners need to add paragraphs. Your teacher needs to leave notes, and the rest of the class should only read. What permissions fit?
  1. Partners comment; teacher edits; class views.
  2. Partners edit; teacher views; class comments.
  3. Partners edit; teacher comments; class views.
  4. Partners view; teacher comments; class edits.
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Question 8 of 10

Only your two partners should open a project file. Its link currently allows anyone with the link to open it, and one partner cannot change the text. What should you change?
  1. Limit access to the partners and give both edit rights.
  2. Keep anyone-with-link access and give both view rights.
  3. Limit access to the partners and give both comment rights.
  4. Keep anyone-with-link access and give both edit rights.
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Question 9 of 10

Your group will share a report using an allowed photo that requires a credit. A friend wants to delete a partner’s paragraph and remove the credit to save space. What should the group do?
  1. Delete the paragraph first and restore it only if someone objects.
  2. Keep the paragraph but remove the credit because the photo is allowed.
  3. Agree on paragraph changes together and keep the photo credit.
  4. Remove the paragraph and credit because everyone has edit access.
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Question 10 of 10

An upload is still running. The file includes your home address, and its link allows anyone who has it to open the file. Your teacher asked only to read the report. What needs to happen before you hand it in?
  1. Keep the address, wait for the upload, and share with anyone holding the link using view access.
  2. Remove the address, close before the upload finishes, and give the teacher comment access.
  3. Keep the address, close the page now, and send the open link to the teacher with edit access.
  4. Remove the address, finish uploading the corrected file, and share with the teacher using view access.
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Stuck on your own question? Homework Help

Key Terms

97 Key Terms, each with its definition

A

Accuracy
Accuracy is the share of all typed characters that are correct, often shown as a percentage.
If 98 of 100 typed characters are correct, your accuracy is 98%.
Apostrophe
An apostrophe is a small raised mark used in words such as “can’t” and “Sam’s.”
On a US keyboard, you press the key near Enter to type the apostrophe.
App
An app, also called a program, is a tool on a device for doing a job such as writing or drawing.
You open a writing app when you want to type your new story.
Autosave
Autosave is an app feature that saves your work automatically as you make changes.
You wait for “Saved” after the internet reconnects before closing the page.

B

Backspace
Backspace erases the character just left of the cursor when no text is selected.
You press Backspace once to remove the extra final letter in “boatt.”
Bold
Bold is a thicker text style that can make selected words stand out on a page.
You select “Our Class Garden” and make it bold as the report’s title.

C

Capital letter
A capital letter is a letter’s uppercase form, used for sentence starts, names, and the word “I.”
You use a capital D when typing the name “Dora.”
Caps Lock
Caps Lock is a switch that keeps letters capitalized until you press it again to turn it off.
You turn Caps Lock off when ordinary words keep appearing in capitals.
Caption
A caption is a short piece of text that tells readers about the picture beside it.
You write “Seeds growing beside the window” under your plant photo.
Character
A character is one typed letter, number, punctuation mark, or space counted in typing practice.
The space between two words counts as a character in your speed score.
Click
A click is one press and release of a mouse button, used to choose an item or press a screen button.
You click the Save button once to keep the latest changes.
Clipboard
The clipboard is a hidden holding place that usually stores the latest item you cut or copied.
After copying a phrase, you paste the clipboard contents into your note.
Cloud storage
Cloud storage is online storage you reach by logging in, often from more than one device.
You sign in on another classroom laptop to open your online report.
Comment access
Comment access lets a person add notes to shared work without changing its main contents.
Your teacher uses comment access to leave feedback beside your writing.
Copies
The Copies setting tells a printer how many sets of the selected document pages to make.
You choose two copies so you and a partner each receive the chosen pages.
Copy
Copy puts a copy of selected text or an item on the clipboard while leaving the original in place.
You copy a chorus so it can appear twice in the song.
Credit
A credit is a note naming the maker or source of a picture or other work you use.
You keep “Picture from the class picture library” under the image.
Cursor
The cursor, or insertion point, is the blinking line showing where the next typed character goes.
You click before “cat” to place the cursor where “sleepy ” should be added.
Cut
Cut removes selected text and puts it on the clipboard so you can place it elsewhere.
You cut a sentence from the end of your story before moving it to the start.

D

Delete key
A separate Delete key erases the character just right of the cursor when no text is selected.
You put the cursor before an extra letter and press the separate Delete key.
Device
A device is a machine, such as a computer or tablet, that you use for tasks like writing or drawing.
You carry the closed tablet with two hands before setting it on your desk.
Document
A document is a piece of writing made in a writing app, such as a letter, report, or poster.
You make a report with a title, two paragraphs, and a photo.
Double-click
A double-click is two quick clicks in the same place, often used to open a desktop file.
You keep the mouse still and double-click a story in a folder.
Double-tap
A double-tap is two quick touches in the same spot, used by many apps to zoom or select a word.
You double-tap a word in an app and see that word become selected.
Download
A download copies a file from a website or online storage onto your device.
You look in Downloads for the worksheet you copied from the class website.
Drag
To drag is to hold an item while moving it, then release it at its new place.
You hold the mouse button while dragging a card into its matching box.

E

Edit access
Edit access lets a person change a shared file, such as adding words or moving pictures.
Your project partner needs edit access to add the next slide.
Enter
Enter, called Return on a Mac, starts a new paragraph or chosen line, or confirms a choice.
You press Enter after a greeting to begin the message on the next line.

F

File
A file is one piece of saved work, such as a drawing, story, or slideshow.
You open the saved story file to continue writing its ending.
File name
A file name is the label used to identify saved work and tell it apart from other files.
“River report draft 2” helps you spot the second draft among your files.
Folder
A folder is a place that groups files and can also hold other folders.
You put your animal photos and report in the same project folder.

H

Home key
A home key is a finger’s starting key, where it returns after reaching for another key.
Your right middle finger returns to K after typing I.
Home row
The home row is the middle letter row where your fingers begin and return between reaches.
Your left fingers start on A, S, D, and F before you begin a line.

I

Icon
An icon is a small picture that stands for an app, file, folder, or command on a screen.
You choose the house icon to return to the app’s home screen.
Italic
Italic is a slanted text style that changes how selected letters look.
You select a word and choose the I button to make it italic.

K

Key column
A key column is a slanting group of keys reached by a finger from its home position.
Your left middle finger’s letter column includes E, D, and C.
Keyboard shortcut
A keyboard shortcut is a key or combination of keys that gives a command without using a menu.
You hold Ctrl and tap S to save, or use Command + S on a Mac.

L

Leading zero
A leading zero is a zero placed before a number, helping numbered names sort with equal-length digits.
You name the first page “Page 01” so it stays before “Page 10.”
Little finger
The little finger is the smallest finger; in touch typing it handles keys near an outside edge.
Your right little finger holds right Shift while your left hand types a capital.
Log in
To log in is to start using your own account, usually by entering a username and password.
You log in before opening your saved classwork on a shared laptop.
Log out
To log out is to end your account session so another person cannot keep using that session.
You log out after saving your work on the classroom computer.

M

Move a file
To move a file is to put it in a new location and remove it from its old location.
You move your drawing from Downloads into your Art folder.

N

Naming pattern
A naming pattern is an agreed order of parts used to give related files clear, consistent names.
Your group puts the student’s name, subject, and task in every file name.

O

On-screen keyboard
An on-screen keyboard is a set of keys displayed on the screen that you tap to type.
You choose the on-screen keyboard’s “123” key to enter a number into your message.
Opposite-hand Shift
Opposite-hand Shift means holding Shift with the hand that is not typing the capital letter.
For a capital P, your left little finger holds Shift while the right hand types P.

P

Page range
A page range tells the printer to print from one page number through another, including both ends.
You enter “4-6” to print pages 4, 5, and 6.
Password
A password is a secret word or code used to show that an account belongs to you.
You check Caps Lock when your password does not let you sign in.
Paste
Paste inserts the clipboard contents at the cursor or into the chosen destination.
You place the cursor after the greeting and paste the copied message.
Path
A path is the route through named folders that leads to a file or another folder.
You follow “Schoolwork › Art › Masks” to reach your project.
Period
A period is the dot used to end many sentences and in some shortened names or titles.
You type a period directly after the last word of “We arrived.”
Permission
A permission is an access choice that controls whether someone can view, comment on, or edit a file.
You check a partner’s permission when they need to add a paragraph.
Pinch
A pinch is a two-finger movement together on a touch screen, used to zoom out.
You pinch the map photo to see more of the whole map at once.
Pointer
The pointer is the screen shape you move with a mouse or trackpad to point at things.
The pointer changes to a little hand when you move it over a link.
Pointer finger
The pointer finger, also called the index finger, covers two letter columns in touch typing.
Your left pointer finger types both R and T, then returns to F.
Posture
Your posture is the position of your body while you sit or move, including during typing.
You relax your shoulders and support your feet before starting practice.
Press and hold
A press and hold is a touch kept still for about a second, often used to show extra choices.
You press and hold a picture to see the actions your app offers.
Print job
A print job is a request sent to a printer to make the chosen pages and number of copies.
You wait after sending one job so you do not request extra sets by mistake.
Print preview
A print preview shows how document pages should look on paper before you send the print job.
You check whether the photo fits before choosing Print.
Punctuation
Punctuation means marks that help readers follow writing, such as commas, periods, and question marks.
You end “Where is my hat?” with a question mark.

Q

Quotation marks
Quotation marks are paired marks used around spoken words or a quoted text fragment.
On a US keyboard, Shift with the apostrophe key types a quotation mark.
QWERTY
QWERTY is a keyboard layout named for its first six letters in the top row of letter keys.
You find Q, W, E, R, T, and Y in order across the top letter row.

R

Recent list
A Recent list shows files you used lately and gives you a quick way to open them again.
You try Recent to find the story you edited yesterday.
Recycle Bin or Trash
The Recycle Bin or Trash is a place many devices keep deleted files until they are removed permanently.
You look in Trash for a drawing you deleted by mistake.
Redo
Redo is a command that brings back a change you reversed with Undo.
You use Redo after deciding that a title change you undid was useful.
Rename
To rename a file is to change its name while keeping the file’s contents.
You rename “Document1” to “Clouds report” so it is easier to find.
Resize handle
A resize handle is a small square or circle around a selected picture that you drag to change its size.
You drag a corner handle to make a photo smaller while keeping its shape.
Restore
To restore a deleted file is to bring it back from a place such as Recycle Bin or Trash.
You restore your story before anyone empties the bin.
Rhythm
A typing rhythm is a steady beat of key presses that helps you type carefully and evenly.
You slow down enough to tap at an even pace while learning new keys.
Right-click
A right-click is a press of the mouse’s right button that usually opens an item’s extra menu.
You right-click a file to find the Rename command.

S

Save
Save is a command that keeps the latest changes in the file you are working on.
You use Save after adding the last paragraph to your report.
Save As
Save As is a command that makes a separate file with a chosen name or storage place.
You use Save As to keep a first draft while trying a second version.
Scroll
To scroll is to move your view up, down, or across a page without changing the work itself.
You scroll down to read the final paragraph of a long story.
Search
A file search looks for work using text you enter, such as part of the name you remember.
You search for “insects” when you forget which folder holds your report.
Select text
To select text is to highlight the words or characters you want a command to change.
You select only the title before choosing a larger text size.
Shared folder
A shared folder is a folder that other people, such as your teacher or partners, can also open.
You add your own report to the shared class folder without renaming other files.
Shared link
A shared link opens a file for people allowed by its settings, which may limit access to chosen people.
You check the link setting before sending your project to your teacher.
Shift
Shift is a key held with another key to type a capital letter or that key’s upper symbol.
You hold Shift while pressing the first letter of your friend’s name.
Shut down
To shut down is to turn off a device through its power menu after finishing your work.
You choose Shut down after saving your report and closing your apps.
Sort
To sort files is to change their display order, such as by name or by the date they changed.
You sort newest first to see the files edited most recently.
Space bar
The space bar is the long key that adds a space, usually to separate words as you type.
You press the space bar once between “blue” and “kite.”
Spell checker
A spell checker is a writing tool that flags possible spelling errors and may suggest corrections.
You read the suggested word before accepting it in your report.
Spread
A spread is a two-finger movement apart on a touch screen, used to zoom in.
You spread two fingers over a small map label to make it easier to read.
Subfolder
A subfolder is a folder inside another folder, used to make a smaller group of files.
You make a Birds subfolder inside the Science folder.
Swipe
A swipe is a quick sliding touch used to scroll, turn a page, or move to the next picture.
You swipe across a photo collection to see the next picture.

T

Tab
Tab moves to the next box in a form or can add a wide space at the start of a document line.
You press Tab to move from the username box to the password box.
Tap
A tap is one quick touch and release on a touch screen, used much like a mouse click.
You tap an app’s icon once on the tablet home screen to open it.
Touch screen
A touch screen is a screen that responds to fingers touching its surface to control the device.
You tap a writing box on the touch screen to bring up its keyboard.
Touch typing
Touch typing is typing with all ten fingers using assigned keys, without watching the keyboard.
You keep your eyes on your story while your fingers return to their home keys.
Trackpad
A trackpad is a touch-sensitive pad that lets you move a pointer and choose screen actions.
You slide two fingers on the trackpad to scroll down your report.

U

Undo
Undo is a command that reverses your latest change, such as typing over the wrong word.
You use Ctrl + Z after accidentally replacing a whole sentence.
Upload
An upload copies a file from your device to a website or online storage.
You wait for the drawing’s upload to finish before closing the class page.
Username
A username is the name that identifies your account when you sign in to a device or app.
You type your username into the first box on the school sign-in screen.

V

Version
A version is one saved form of a piece of work, such as a first draft or a later draft.
You keep the first story version before trying a different ending.
View access
View access lets a person look at shared work without giving them permission to change it.
You give a reader view access to your finished story.

W

Window
A window is an area on the screen that shows an open app or part of its work.
You minimize the drawing window, then bring it back using its app icon.
Word processor
A word processor is an app used to write and edit documents containing text and often pictures.
You open a word processor to type a thank-you letter.
Words per minute
Words per minute, or WPM, measures typing speed using five characters as one typing word.
Typing 100 characters in one minute gives a speed of 20 WPM.

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